Aboriginal history and Camden Park. Local Aboriginal History & Culture (a teacher’s resource) This is a great resource for anyone teaching about the Dharawal people. "The road leaves that over Keira to the right, then descends to country much like the coal district of England - through a woody region to Charcoal Creek, which is bridged by palm trees, passing an enormous fig-tree, at the foot of which old Timbery, a black, was born, and which his people venerateIn the intervening years, the First Nations people of the Illawarra and Australia have faced many more trials and injustices: from the heartbreak caused by the Stolen Generations, to being forcibly moved from place to place and subjected to discriminatory laws, to the vandalism and continued disrespect shown to sacred sites, and witnessing the destruction of their beloved country. Timber getters in search of valuable Red Cedar arrived circa 1810, and Dharawal country at the foothills of Mt Kembla was reached, occupied and converted into farms. Since they first observed the area from the sea, they referred to the Illawarra as The Five Islands and subsequently the Dharawal people that lived here as the Five Islands Tribe.

Conal Fitzpatrick in KEMBLA THE BOOK OF VOICES 2002Mt Kembla and Mt Keira, pictured above in this 2016 Kevin Butler mural at Mt Kembla Public School, are important landmarks within the Illawarra landscape. The people watch for signs from the plants, animals, land and sky observing six seasons (Bodkin, Bodkin Andrews: n.d.) and move throughout Dharawal country depending on these signs for harvesting seasonal foods, trading with neighbouring groups and gathering for ceremony. Five weirs have been constructed within creeks in the park. Dharawal Nature Reserve was categorised by the On 26 March 2012 most of the Dharawal State Conservation Area was declared a national park with a residual of three areas of state conservation area remaining on the western side and center of the national park to allow ongoing mining operationsThe Dharawal National Park is located on the southern rim of the The Dharawal sites consist of the catchment of the O’Hares and Stokes Creeks, which are the headwaters of the Georges River on the Woronora Plateau.

Explores the history of the lives and cultures of the Aboriginal people on the George’s River. They camped by the rivers to fish and to catch eels and water birds. (Explorer Francis Barrallier had reported 60 cattle near what is now known as Douglas Park in 1802). For their language, see BODKIN, Frances and BODKIN ANDREWS, Gawaian,  D'harawal Perpetual Calendar, no date D'harawal dreaming stories - Stories my mother told meBOM Indigenous Weather Knowledge - Dharawal CalendarCONNOR, John, The Australian frontier wars 1788-1838, University of New South Wales Press, Sydney, 2002Dendrobium Area 3 Archaeological and Cultural Heritage Assessment 2007Submission on the strategic review of the impacts of underground mining in the Southern Coalfield 30 July 2007 Department of Environment and Climate ChangeDHARAWAL - The story of the Dharawal Speaking People of Southern SydneyMcNAMARA, John Leo, 'Life at Cordeaux River' 2nd Ed. Academia.edu is a platform for academics to share research papers. Local elders say the number was much higher than reported and that the dead were mainly women, children and the elderly, as the men had separated to protect them.Five prisoners were taken.

Over the next two years hostilities escalated and came to a head in March 1816, when members of the Gundangara attacked settlers, killing some and destroying property. They survived as skilled hunter–fisher–gatherers in family groups or clans scattered along the coastal area of what is now known as the Sydney basin, in New South Wales. Mitchell’s country residence “Parkhall” was built on Dharwal land at a place near the meeting of the Nepean and Cataract Rivers.

"The face, hair and beard of an old Aboriginal man can be seen on Mount KemblaIn Alcheringa Mt Kembla (Djenbella) and Mt Keira (Djeera) are sisters. Among those killed were the mountain chief Conibigal, an old man Balyin, a Dharawal man called Dunell, along with several women and children.

We gratefully acknowledge the use of photographs and make every effort to locate sources and acknowledge them. abc. Heads of two of the Aboriginal men were removed and sent overseas.

By the daylight of the 17th of April at least fourteen were killed and the only survivors were two women and three children. Whereas the “mountain natives” (probably Gandangara) had a reputation of being hostile in defence of their people and their land, the Dharawal were peaceful and had no history of aggression. Tragically, Europeans have had a negative impact on this sacred place, firstly by souveniring all the artefacts still present when pioneers first took possession of these lands; then McNamara reports that the installation of a high tension Power Transmission Line over the cave cleared the site and exposed it to the elements in the 1960s; and finally mining subsidence in the late 1970s cracked the shelf allowing water to ingress eroding the ancient pigments. These include Government Gazette of the State of NSW, 14 April 1927, Issue No 51, p 1862 He marched his soldiers through the night of April 16th only to find a deserted campsite. In the event of their refusing, they were to be fired up and any “native” men killed were to be hanged on trees in conspicuous parts of the country where they fell.

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