The name “Manitoba” was given to the province at its creation in 1870 at the suggestion of Métis leader Louis Riel.The Assiniboine inhabited what is now present-day Manitoba before the arrival of European explorers.

The unicorn represents the province’s early Scottish settlers. The prairie crocus is the province’s floral emblem.
The Royal Crown on the beaver’s back symbolizes constitutional monarchy. One of Canada’s Prairie Provinces, Manitoba’s southern and western regions are predominantly grassland.

Canada offered the company 300,000 pounds sterling. The company set up fur trading posts to exploit the country’s wealth. The motto means “Glorious and free” and is taken from the Canadian national anthem. The arms were officially granted in 1905 and again on October 23, 1992 and on September 15, 2011. The forest represents the white spruce, the provincial tree, as well as the north of the province. It was captured and badly damaged by the French in 1782.

The collar further alludes to the stones of Fort Garry, a Hudson’s Bay Company fort during the fur trade period. The wheel of a Red River cart represents a distinctive form of transport in the province’s history. Its boundaries were enlarged in 1881 and again in 1912. Its collar symbolizes Manitoba’s position as Canada’s “keystone” province in the centre of the country. The buffalo represents the First Peoples, such as the Assiniboine and the Cree, who followed herds of buffalo on their seasonal migrations. The unicorn and the horse stand atop waters, grain fields and forests.

The words describe Lake Manitoba, which narrows to half a mile at its centre. Although willing to request the surrender of the land from the Hudson’s Bay Company, Britain insisted that the money come from Canada. A party led by French fur trader and explorer In 1670, King Charles II of England granted the Hudson’s Bay Company a large portion of land named Rupert’s Land. Their battle for the fur trade resulted in both companies building forts throughout the plains. The waves on the loose surface rocks of its north shore produce curious, bell-like wailing sounds, which the First Nations believed came from a huge drum beaten by the spirit Manitou. Unlike most of the rest of Canada, the northern parts of the province were settled before the south.

Coat of Arms The Shield was augmented on October 23, 1992, by Governor-General Ramon Hnatyshyn. The prairie crocuses are the provincial flower of Manitoba. With the help of the railway and certain acts of Parliament in the late 1800s, the province was soon filled with settlers from Eastern Canada and Europe.Royal warrant for Manitoba’s shield was granted by King Edward VII in 1905, while its augmented coat of arms was granted by the Right Honourable Ramon J. Hnatyshyn, Governor General in 1992.At the centre of the arms is the original shield, featuring the Cross of St. George and a buffalo standing on a rock. The seven provincial flowers at the centre represent one people of diverse origins.Approval to use the Royal Union Flag in the design of Manitoba’s provincial flag was given by Queen Elizabeth II in 1965.The flag closely resembles the Canadian Red Ensign. The Hudson’s Bay Company then built Fort Churchill in 1783 and continued to use the site until 1933.Intense rivalry for furs developed between the Montréal-based North West Company and the Hudson’s Bay Company. The beaver, a national symbol of Canada, represents the riches of Manitoba’s natural environment.

The prairie crocus is the province’s floral emblem. At the centre of the arms is the original shield, featuring the Cross of St. George and a buffalo standing on a rock. An early spring flower, the prairie crocus is often seen pushing through the last prairie snow. Above the shield is a gold helmet signalling Manitoba’s co-sovereign status in Confederation. In 1816, Governor Robert Semple and 19 colonists were killed at Seven Oaks in a battle with the Métis, who had been endorsed by the North West Company. Its collar symbolizes Manitoba’s position as Canada’s “keystone” province in the centre of the country.

The settlement survived; however, the violence and lengthy legal battles brought about Selkirk’s settlers and the bankruptcy of the North West Company.In the 1860s, the Province of Canada, anxious to expand into the great northwest, asked Britain to buy out the Hudson’s Bay Company, as it had the East India Company.

Other nations included the nomadic Cree, who followed the herds of buffalo and caribou on their seasonal migrations.In their search for the spice-rich Orient through the Northwest Passage, Europeans reached Manitoba through Hudson Bay in the early 17th century.

The coat of arms of Manitoba was established by royal warrant on May 10, 1905, based on an order in council of August 2, 1870, creating the provincial seal. The horse was an animal vital to the First Peoples, the Métis and the European settlers. This, and the constant threat of an American invasion from the south, made them nervous. In 1612, British captain Thomas Button wintered two ships at Port Nelson on Hudson Bay, near the mouths of the Nelson and Hayes Rivers.

Today, Manitoba is 650,000 square kilometres and could have been larger had it not been for an 1884 decision in favour of Ontario, which established the present-day boundary between the two provinces.Agricultural settlement helped the province prosper in its infancy.

The maple leaves are a symbol of Canada. In 1690 and 1691, Henry Kelsey of the Hudson’s Bay Company explored Northern Manitoba from Hudson Bay as far as the Saskatchewan River, near The Pas.
The flower, which ranges from light lavender to bluish purple in colour, has an outer coating of hair to protect it from sudden changes in temperature.Adopted as Manitoba’s official bird in 1987, the great gray owl (The Manitoba tartan, designed by Hugh Kirkwood Rankine was registered at the Court of the Lord Lyon, King of Arms of Scotland, and given royal assent in 1962. The Royal Crown on the beaver’s back symbolizes constitutional monarchy.


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