If there is no need for reliable delivery, sliding window protocol is an optional implementation in the computer network. So the sender transmits a frame, waits for its acknowledgment, then transmits the next frame. It is of two types:-1. η = (W*t x)/(t x +2t p) W = Window Size. However, here only the erroneous or lost frames are retransmitted, while the good frames are received and buffered. The receiver informs the transmitter in each acknowledgment packet the current maximum receiver buffer size (window boundary).

The acknowledgments likewise say "odd" and "even". It is of two types:-1. The term sliding window refers to the imaginary boxes to hold frames. On the receiver side also the window moves one packet for every packet received.
• The equation explains why the sliding window protocol illustrated in Figure b has approximately four times the throughput of the stop-and-go protocol in Figure a. η = (W*t x)/(t x +2t p) W = Window Size. Packet-based systems are based on the idea of sending a batch of data, the The time that it takes for the ACK signal to be received may represent a significant amount of time compared to the time needed to send the packet. The sliding window is also used in Transmission Control Protocol. The Stop and Wait we have described at the beginning. It depends on the distance d and the wave propagation speed s (depends on the characteristics of the medium).Efficiency – It is defined as the ratio of total useful ti…

Therefore, the largest window that can be used is 2In slow-start mode, the transmitter starts with low packet count and increases the number of packets in each transmission after receiving acknowledgment packets from receiver. The problem with this is that there is no limit on the size of the sequence number that can be required. After that, each successive acknowledgment has the available size of the receiver sliding window.

After receiving a packet numbered The lowest sequence number we will ever receive in future is The additional insight is that the receiver does not need to distinguish between sequence numbers that are too low (less than Although commonly distinguished from the sliding-window protocol, the The transmitter alternately sends packets marked "odd" and "even". It is a key part of the TCP protocol, which inherently allows packets to arrive out of order, and is also found in many Conceptually, each portion of the transmission (packets in most data link layers, but bytes in TCP) is assigned a unique consecutive sequence number, and the receiver uses the numbers to place received packets in the correct order, discarding duplicate packets and identifying missing ones.
t p = Propagation delay. Introduction. The sliding window is also used in Transmission Control Protocol.In this protocol, multiple frames can be sent by a sender at a time before receiving an acknowledgment from the receiver. If window size=w then after sending w frames sender waits for the acknowledgement (ack) of the first frame.As soon as sender receives the acknowledgement of a frame it is replaced by the next frames to be transmitted by the sender. Upon receiving acknowledgment, the sender sends the next packet else, assumes the packet has been lost or corrupted. In this case, we implemented a sliding window protocol to ensure reliable in-order transmission of data over a UDP socket using C++ . The number of bits in the sequence number is 2 to generate the binary sequence 00, 01, 10, 11.The size of the receiving window is the maximum number of frames that the receiver can accept at a time.


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